Verification & Audit Layer
Purpose.
Verification is the gatekeeper. Under Proof of Verification (PoV), nothing mints or settles until independent verifiers attest to the same evidence and the system confirms that evidence hasn’t been used elsewhere.
In practice: no evidence → no token → no settlement.
How verification works
Evidence is captured at the edge—meters, sensors, registries, port and customs systems—and signed at the source. Verifiers (a curated quorum) attest to that evidence; the protocol then runs three checks before anything can proceed:
Attestation quorum. A minimum, role-diverse set of verifications (e.g., including an independent auditor) must be present and valid.
Equality of evidence. All counted verifications must reference the same evidence hash and batch/window; any mismatch fails the gate.
One-Claim exclusivity. A global ledger ensures a given claimId can be finalized exactly once across routes and markets.
If the gate passes, the system mints the proof object on EDMA L2 (gas-minimal):
ETT (10 kWh proof unit).
Carbon Credit NFT (per verified tCO₂).
EMT (milestone proof in trade).
Proof creation is cheap; value moves later at settlement.
Anchoring & auditability
All proofs and their lineage are anchored to Ethereum (L1), giving regulators, financiers, and corporates a tamper-proof audit trail from source evidence → verifier attestations → mint/settle events. Audits become review, not reconstruction.
Revocation & rectification
Verifications can be revoked (e.g., role disabled, data error, fraud). When a revocation drops quorum after mint, dependent assets are flagged/frozen on-chain until rectified. Corrections are append-only (“red-stamp” + new attestations); history is never rewritten. Off-chain monitors surface revocations and role changes on-chain within a defined SLA.
Privacy & integrity
Sensitive payloads do not go on-chain. The chain stores hashes of canonical evidence; raw files remain under access control. Where needed, selective disclosure or ZK proofs can satisfy eligibility checks without over-sharing. Device identity, signed time windows, replay protection, and anomaly detection harden the edge.
Why it matters
Regulators: machine-readable, immutable lineage—no reliance on PDFs or intermediaries.
Financiers: cash flows underwritten by evidence-bound events, not promises.
Corporates: verifiable ESG claims; greenwashing risk collapses.
Default posture: if uncertainty exists—missing auditor, role drift, hash mismatch, or duplicate claim—the gate holds. No mint. No settle. Proof returns only when reality is verified.
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